STUDIES WITH KETAMINE AND ALFENTANIL FOLLOWING FREUND'S COMPLETE ADJUVANT‐INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN RATS (English)

in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology ; 34 , 5-6 ; 414-420
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology
Blackwell Publishing Asia ; 2007

N‐Methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists suppress inflammatory hyperalgesia and the development of acute opioid tolerance. They may also enhance opioid‐induced antinociception, while suppressing postopioid‐induced hyperalgesia and opioid‐enhanced inflammatory hyperalgesia.

The non‐competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, ketamine, is a racemic chiral drug; its individual enantiomers have differing affinities for the NMDA receptor. The anaesthetic and antinociceptive potencies of (S)‐ketamine are 1.5‐ and threefold higher, respectively, than those of (R)‐ketamine in laboratory rodents.

The present study investigated the effects of racemic ketamine and enantiopure (S)‐ketamine on inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats, 5 days after intraplantar injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) into one hind paw. First, racemic or (S)‐ketamine was administered alone; second, racemic or (S)‐ketamine was administered 30 min after initiation of i.v. infusions of the µ‐opioid agonist, alfentanil.

Area under the curve (AUC) values for Von Frey paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) versus time curves were significantly increased (P <� 0.05) for both inflamed and non‐inflamed hind paws by racemic and (S)‐ketamine (5 & 10 mg/kg, s.c.). Similarly, AUC values for reduction of hind paw volume versus time were significantly increased (P <� 0.05) by racemic and (S)‐ketamine (10 mg/kg, s.c.).

Alfentanil infusions significantly increased PWT in both hind paws, but neither racemic nor (S)‐ketamine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) administered 30 min after initiation of alfentanil infusion produced further increases in PWT.

Racemic and (S)‐ketamine produced antinociceptive effects in both hind paws, but an antihyperalgesic effect per se was not apparent. Additionally, there was a possible anti‐inflammatory effect of both drugs in the inflamed hind paw. These findings complement previous studies in which non‐competitive NMDA receptor antagonists suppressed behavioural hyperalgesia.

However, racemic and (S)‐ketamine did not further enhance alfentanil's antinociceptive effects, although they appeared to prolong alfentanil's antinociceptive effects in the non‐inflamed hind paw. These findings suggest that factors such as time‐course, frequency and the mode of administration of NMDA receptor antagonists, in addition to the type of antinociceptive model (i.e. inflammatory compared with acute) and the nociceptive testing procedure (i.e. noxious mechanical compared with low threshold stimuli) may influence their effects on opioid‐induced antinociception.

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Table of contents – Volume 34, Issue 5-6

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387
MECHANISMS UNDERLYING VASORELAXANT ACTION OF ASTRAGALOSIDE IV IN ISOLATED RAT AORTIC RINGS
Zhang, Chuan / Wang, Xu‐Hui / Zhong, Mei‐Fang / Liu, Run‐Hui / Li, Hui‐Liang / Zhang, Wei‐Dong / Chen, Hong | 2007
393
PROTECTIVE ROLE OF A NOVEL ERYTHROCYTE‐DERIVED DEPRESSING FACTOR ON BLOOD VESSELS OF RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Pang, Huan / Wen, Yun‐yi / Ma, Ning / Wang, Yu‐tang / Shi, Lei | 2007
399
THYMOQUINONE SUPPLEMENTATION PREVENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENTAMICIN‐INDUCED ACUTE RENAL TOXICITY IN RATS
Sayed‐Ahmed, Mohamed M / Nagi, Mahmoud N | 2007
406
ESTABLISHMENT OF RAT PRECISION‐CUT FIBROTIC LIVER SLICE TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLICATION IN VERAPAMIL METABOLISM
Guo, Yu / Wang, Hui / Zhang, Chun | 2007
414
STUDIES WITH KETAMINE AND ALFENTANIL FOLLOWING FREUND'S COMPLETE ADJUVANT‐INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN RATS
Edwards, Stephen R / Mather, Laurence E / Smith, Maree T | 2007
421
CYP2C19 GENOTYPE AND OMEPRAZOLE HYDROXYLATION PHENOTYPE IN CHINESE LI POPULATION
Wang, Jiu‐Hui / Li, Pei‐Qiong / Fu, Qiong‐Yao / Li, Qiu‐Xiang / Cai, Wang‐Wei | 2007
425
STRESS‐DEPENDENT INDUCTION OF PROTEIN OXIDATION, LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ANTI‐OXIDANTS IN PERIPHERAL TISSUES OF RATS: COMPARISON OF THREE STRESS MODELS (IMMOBILIZATION, COLD AND IMMOBILIZATION–COLD)
Şahın, Emel / Gümüşlü, Saadet | 2007
432
INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, LIPID PEROXIDATION, PROTEIN DAMAGE AND APOPTOSIS IN HEARTS AND BRAINS FROM SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Ren, Jun | 2007
439
CB1 RECEPTOR ACTIVATION IN THE BASOLATERAL AMYGDALA PRODUCES ANTINOCICEPTION IN ANIMAL MODELS OF ACUTE AND TONIC NOCICEPTION
Hasanein, Parisa / Parviz, Mohsen / Keshavarz, Mansoor / Javanmardi, Kazem | 2007
450
siRNA‐MEDIATED BCL‐2 AND BCL‐XL GENE SILENCING SENSITIZES HUMAN HEPATOBLASTOMA CELLS TO CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS
Lei, Xiao‐Yong / Zhong, Miao / Feng, Lan‐Fang / Zhu, Bing‐Yang / Tang, Sheng‐Song / Liao, Duan‐Fang | 2007
457
ROSIGLITAZONE, AN AGONIST OF PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR‐ACTIVATED RECEPTOR‐GAMMA, PREVENTS CONTRALATERAL TESTICULAR ISCHAEMIA–REPERFUSION INJURY IN PREPUBERTAL RATS
Inan, Mustafa / Basaran, Umit / Dokmeci, Dikmen / Kanter, Mehmet / Yalcin, Omer / Aydogdu, Nurettin / Turan, Nesrin | 2007
462
5‐HT1A RECEPTOR AGONIST PROPERTIES OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS DETERMINED BY [35S]GTPγS BINDING IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL MEMBRANES
Odagaki, Yuji / Toyoshima, Ryoichi | 2007
462
5-HT1A RECEPTOR AGONIST PROPERTIES OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS DETERMINED BY [35S]GTPgS BINDING IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL MEMBRANES
Odagaki, Y. / Toyoshima, R. | 2007
467
PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMINS C AND E AGAINST ENDOMETRIAL DAMAGE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN FLUORIDE INTOXICATION
Guney, Mehmet / Oral, Baha / Demirin, Hilmi / Karahan, Nermin / Mungan, Tamer / Delibas, Namik | 2007
475
LACK OF BLOOD PRESSURE SALT‐SENSITIVITY SUPPORTS A PREGLOMERULAR SITE OF ACTION OF NITRIC OXIDE IN TYPE I DIABETIC RATS
Brands, Michael W / Bell, Tracy D / Fleming, Cassandra / Labazi, Hicham / Sturgis, LaShon C | 2007
480
ENDOTOXIN‐INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY AND ORGAN DYSFUNCTION ARE ATTENUATED BY PENTOBARBITAL ANAESTHESIA
Kao, Shang‐Jyh / Su, Chain‐Fa / Liu, Demeral D / Chen, Hsing I | 2007
488
THE EFFECTS OF ISOSTEVIOL AGAINST MYOCARDIUM INJURY INDUCED BY ISCHAEMIA–REPERFUSION IN THE ISOLATED GUINEA PIG HEART
Xu, Deyi / Zhang, Shuangjie / Foster, David JR / Wang, Jiping | 2007
494
DRUG‐RELATED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS IN A GENERIC PHARMACEUTICAL SYSTEM
Zargarzadeh, AH / Emami, MH / Hosseini, F | 2007
499
OPTIMIZING DOSAGE OF KETAMINE AND XYLAZINE IN MURINE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Xu, Qi / Ming, Ziqiu / Dart, Anthony M / Du, Xiao‐Jun | 2007
508
WRITING INTELLIGIBLE ENGLISH PROSE FOR BIOMEDICAL JOURNALS
Ludbrook, John | 2007
515
SLOW INOTROPIC RESPONSE OF INTACT LEFT VENTRICLE TO SUDDEN DILATION CRITICALLY DEPENDS ON A MYOCARDIAL DIALYSABLE FACTOR
Tucci, Paulo JF / Faber, Cristiano N / Santos, Leonardo dos / Antonio, Ednei L | 2007
517
ROLE OF XANTHINE OXIDASE IN DEXAMETHASONE‐INDUCED HYPERTENSION IN RATS
Ong, Sharon LH / Vickers, Janine J / Zhang, Yi / McKenzie, Katja US / Walsh, Claire E / Whitworth, Judith A | 2007
520
QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF A REPEATED ACUTE JOINT INFLAMMATION MODEL IN RATS
Peter‐Szabo, Mihaly / Kekesi, Gabriella / Nagy, Edit / Sziver, Edit / Benedek, Gyorgy / Horvath, Gyongyi | 2007
527
INTRODUCTION
Hannan, Anthony J | 2007
528
PROGENITOR CELLS AND ADULT NEUROGENESIS IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES AND INJURIES OF THE BASAL GANGLIA
Curtis, Maurice A / Eriksson, Peter S / Faull, Richard LM | 2007
533
REGULATORS OF ADULT NEUROGENESIS IN THE HEALTHY AND DISEASED BRAIN
Grote, Helen E / Hannan, Anthony J | 2007
546
5‐HT7, NEUROGENESIS AND ANTIDEPRESSANTS: A PROMISING THERAPEUTIC AXIS FOR TREATING DEPRESSION
Nandam, L Sanjay / Jhaveri, Dhanisha / Bartlett, Perry | 2007

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