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The objective of this research program is to develop fundamental understanding of the mechanical response of granular target materials under impact loading conditions at two scales: continuum level and particulate level. Complicated interactions between the granular target and a high-speed projectile may produce unexpected projectile motion. A physical and quantitative understanding of the granular material behavior will significantly contribute to the optimal manipulation of the projectile-target interactions in high-speed penetration. In this program, we conducted sand penetration experiments at global scale with the positions of the projectile monitored by flash x-ray. To observe variations in impact-induced pressure inside the sand target, we developed thin pressure sensors that are embedded in strategic locations and wireless communication system to wirelessly connect the sensors to data-acquisition systems.