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Europe's first Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) was launched in Jul. 1991 with a preoperational Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) as a part of the payload. In order to achieve an operational system within a commercial environment, more flexibility and improved performance will be required. In 1998 ESA is due to launch the first Polar Orbiting Earth observation Mission (POEM-1). This provides the opportunity to fly the first of the next generation of SAR. This is the Advanced SAR (ASAR) which will enable the necessary European technology base for commercial SAR's to be proved. It will be the first to give global coverage and dual channel data. The ASAR objectives and requirements are given and the instrument is described, with advantages over the ERS-1 AMI (Active Microwave Instrument) pointed out. Calibration and characterization, modes of operation, and the predicted instrument performance are described. An outline of the SAR program is given.