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At the dawn of the eighteenth century, Europe witnessed the phenomenon of the absolute monarch in full stride. Legitimized and by the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, the institution of the all-powerful monarch dictated the course of events that drove nation-states. The Second or Great Northern War, 1700-1721, pitting Sweden against Russia, witnessed a clash representing a collision of monarchial obsessions, those harbored by Charles XII and Peter the I. This study critically examines two very different strategic leaders; their visions for the future stood in diametric opposition; their legacies endure to a remarkable degree to the extent that their successes and failures significantly color the contemporary world's political landscape. Scrutinized IAW draft FM 22-103, Strategic Leadership, this research project assesses the absolute monarchs strategic visions and effectiveness in accordance with the USAWC's strategic leader criteria.