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The burden of behavioral health conditions (including mental illness and substance use disorders) in the United States remains great. Consider the prevalence and treatment of mental illness. By 2009, almost 20 percent of adults in the United States had suffered from a mental health condition at some point in their lives. Mental illness is a source of significant comorbidity in the chronically ill, particularly for patients with diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Diabetes patients, for instance, are twice as likely to suffer from depression as the general population. Mental illness is also associated with higher rates of substance abuse. In 2010, approximately 23 million people ages 12-64 reported symptoms of substance use disorders, while only 11 percent received treatment at a specialty facility. Moreover, a substantial volume of behavioral health care is delivered in primary care settings. General and internal medicine physicians cared for 34 percent of patients with a primary mental health diagnosis in 2008 alone. Given the burden of illness and the volume of behavioral health care delivered in primary care settings, better integration between behavioral health and primary care is needed.