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The report discusses the potential use of gas as a co-firing fuel on coal-fired utility boilers. Benefits associated with gas co-firing include reduced emissions of SO2, NOx and particulate matter as well as significant operational improvements. While SO2 control may be the main impetus for utilities considering gas co-firing, the report emphasizes operational advantages and cost savings that may accrue. Displacement of No. 2 fuel oil as the ignitor/warmup fuel has a typical simple payback period of 2.6 years. Targeted applications of gas to improve the boiler's capacity factor are stressed--i.e., avoidance of opacity derates, use for coal drying in wet weather, slag control, flame stabilization, etc. Case histories are presented for 33 large, modern boilers documenting advantageous uses of gas and including analyses of operational considerations specific to the use of gas with coal as the base fuel. The report also presents an analysis of the legal and regulatory framework for gas co-firing and a cursory analysis of co-firing economics.