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The most significant energy use sector, private households and small businesses, uses about 45% of the total end-use energy in West Germany. Of this about 82% is for heating energy. Therefore, nearly 40% of the end-use energy is used for the heating of dwellings. Presented here is a different basis for energy policy measures. Along with the need for lower heating of buildings, currently the impression is growing that the method for making heating cost calculations has an influence on heating energy use. Methods of flat-rate heating cost calculations or heat payments in use today do not reflect actual heat energy consumption. The affected user will, in this case, not be motivated to saving, but, as experience shows, to increased energy waste. The basis for these relationships are found, among other things, in that the savings on the basis of the calculation method are equally divided among the users. As numerical statistics confirm, heating energy use decreases approximately on an average of 20% when heating costs are calculated according to actual consumption in comparison with flat-rate cost calculations. Continuing investigations by the Wolfburg city utilities now show that heat energy savings in the coarse of time are climbing at a rate over 20%. It remains to be determined, using careful observation methods, whether a savings of 15 to 20% in heating energy can be expected without noticeable comfort loss. (ERA citation 06:009284)