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The ultimately unsuccessful Japanese attempt to capture Port Moresby inMay1942 is commonly referred to as the battle of the Coral Sea. Almost all focus is usually given to the decisive tactical engagement between carrier forces. However, the Japanese effort was officially code-named Moresby Operation and was often called the Port MoresbySolomons operation. In formal terms, it was on the Japanese side a major offensive and joint operation, planned and executed to achieve an operational objectivethe capture of Port Moresby, on the Australian territory of New Guinea (now Papua New Guinea). For the Allies, in contrast, the battle of the Coral Sea was a major defensive and joint operation aimed at preventing an enemy landing at Port Moresby. Both U.S. and Australian naval forces and land-based aircraft took part.