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The present report undertakes a theoretical analysis of the general problem of 'fitting' a hearing aid, and a critique of several present and proposed 'fitting' procedures. Preliminary selection of hearing aids on the basis of engineering specifications, to determine which of the available makes and models should be considered for 'fitting' is both practical and desirable. The differences between corresponding models of the leading manufacturers are relatively slight. The appropriate frequency characteristic for a hearing aid is not correctly indicated by current principles of 'audiogram fitting' or 'selective amplification.' Minor variations from the ideal frequency characteristic are relatively unimportant, but the maximum acoustic output must be chosen to suit the tolerance of each patient. Routine test procedures should be designed to detect the unusual and difficult cases of hearing loss that require special attention.