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Storing antiprotons and colliding them with protons has been considered an intriguing possibility ever since colliding beams of hadrons were discussed. For many years it remained an interesting study in accelerator techniques, because the expected rather low luminosities would have permitted a limited physics program only. The development of beam cooling - with electrons at Novosibirsk and ''stochastically'' at CERN - pointed the way towards more efficient utilization of the precious antiprotons with projected p anti p luminosities adequate for wide-ranging physics investigations. The suggestion to convert the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) into a p anti p colliding storage ring launched a major effort at CERN to develop beam-cooling techniques into a practicable accelerator tool. The potential of an ISR p anti p physics program was discussed at the 2nd ISR Workshop in 1977. It was perceived that there could be many important studies concentrating on systematic comparisons between pp and p anti p induced final states. The construction of the required new transfer line to the ISR and the adaptation of existing equipment for anti p operation was approved so as to ensure p anti p collisions at the highest possible luminosities. Some milestones are summarized, and a schematic view of the CERN accelerators is given. 6 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs. (ERA citation 10:028568)