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Abu Sayyaf originated and began operations in the southern Philippines, in particular the Basilan province. Poverty conditions and the Muslim population's history in the area provided a foundation for the birth and survival of this group. Widespread unemployment and an estimated 30% of the population below the poverty level in 2003 contributed to the recruiting pool of unskilled and unemployed young men who willingly follow others for money. From the beginning, Abu Sayyaf group, also known as ASG, consisted of an alliance system traditionally found in other Muslim territories. The alliance identified with ASG is called a minimal familial alliance with membership obtained from the same or neighboring communities. A group benefit is the followers' anonymity making group members hard to locate because they belong in the local areas and blend within the population. The close ties and anonymity help to account for these groups' longevity. Under the directives and guidance of founder Abdurajak Abubakar Janjalani Abu Sayyaf, though always violence based, gained notoriety, media attention, and government focus because of escalating levels of violence in their attacks against Christian missionaries and their destruction through urban bombings. A later addition was kidnapping for ransom. One such example was the 2000 Dos Palmos Resort incident on Palawan Island in which two hostages, one an American, were beheaded.