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Scuffing originates primarily from an increase in the co-efficient of friction between rubbing or sliding surfaces which in turn is associated with a lack of, or a deterioration in the conditions of lubrication at those surfaces. Why do local welds-the evidence of scuffing-occur between rubbing surfaces ? The article explains the physical, thermal and metallurgical causes of the phenomena, and what happens during the process. It goes on to show how, by suitable choice of materials, levels of stress, surface finish, speeds and lubricant or additive, it is possible to avoid its occurence or at least to provide a considerable margin of safety. As such it will be of interest to those mechanical engineers as well as tribologists who wish to know how and why conditions at an inter-metallic junction break down to cause the troublesome state of scuffing. This is the first in as eries of five papers.