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It is well known that steam jet refrigeration units have a remarkably constant performance despite large changes in motive steam pressure or condenser pressure. The reason for this has not been apparent from previous literature on ejectors or on steam jet refrigeration. Consequently a new theory has been developed based on the concepts of a convergent flow path for the secondary vapour, with pressure falling to a secondary vapour critical pressure, which leads to a limiting flow rate at sonic velocity. This contrasts with the usual assumption in ejector design of zero pressure drop of the secondary vapours to the point of mixing. Good agreement with plant data has been found. It is believed this theory is valid for all compressible fluid ejectors.