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When consumers inspect the color of a commercial product, typically in a retail store, the spectral power distribution (SPD) of the light source where the product is located may differ significantly from the standard illuminant that was used in the original color specification. Possible ways in which variability in lighting may occur include: incorrect lamp installed, different lamps mixed together in the same region of space, lamp emission variability, light from entrance/exit areas or exterior windows and strongly colored surfaces. Variability in store lighting can mean that the color of a product in a store is perceived significantly differently from that originally intended by the designer, despite a high level of color control during the design and production of the product. Also, the background viewing environment may have a very significant effect on the perceived color. Recently, a new method for estimating the perceived color change of a single object color was introduced, known as the color inconstancy index. The work reported here is part of an on-going study by the AATCC Subcommittee on Lighting and shows the lighting variability of one of five small retail chain stores measured to date. Results from this on-going study show that significant area lighting variability exists in the small retail store investigated. The variability is due, in part, to the use of two artificial light sources in a similar location, one incandescent and one fluorescent based, and from light from entrance/exit areas. Assessment of stores studied to date indicates that it is common to find more than one light source in any given area. Without adequate lighting control in a retail store, the color difference between two object colors may vary significantly depending on the location of the objects in the store. Hence, the physical placement of colored goods may give rise to variability in acceptable color difference for a given observer.