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This thesis comprised of two substantive parts. In the first part, the innovative computer-based simulation was exploited to accompany the development of a microwave reactor; while second part described the experimental investigations into the combustion behaviours of different carbon particles. On the system development, a cylindrical applicator system with a coaxially inserted quartz glass column was designed. Constitutive 3-D simulation models that replicated the totality of the applicator structure and processed material were developed using CSTMWS and COMSOL-Multiphysics packages, conformal of FEM and FIT methods. In the EM-field simulations, the electric field uniformity and other function affiliated parameters (e.g. return losses, coupling efficiency) which are crucial to the applicator heating efficiency were evaluated and optimised; taking into account are the applicator geometrical parameters, material properties and system parameters. The second solution approach was based on the synergetic simulations of thermal and electromagnetic field equations in which the temperature and the power distributions in gas-particles heating medium were predicted. The analysed results were translated into the construction layout, parameters as well as the construction methods. The reactor was constructed, experimentally verified with the following auxiliary components: applicator system, particles loading and airflow, gas filtration system, parameters measuring and data acquisition devices. The reactor and its operating characteristics were modularised to facilitate its application to suit different test procedures. In the experiments, six different carbon particles were investigated on the stationary bed and in flow processes. The particle's properties which are related to the oxidation behaviours and complexity permittivity (e.g. size distribution, SOF, EC, H2O ash content) were evaluated using different analytical test methods. Both the microwave power absorption behaviours and the combustion characteristics of the particles were studied. The combined effects of the processing parameters and the particles properties on their reactions were experimentally investigated. The assessment parameters include: power absorption, temperature, gaseous reaction products (e.g. CO2, CO, NO(x), SO2, etc), wt. % loss, and reaction regime, duration and time. The applied testing parameters include: varying reactor atmosphere, gas velocity, heating duration, particles size distribution, etc. Based upon the results presented, opportunities and challenges were discovered; they were used to propose scale-up approaches of the system to industrial facilities for commercial applications, and the suggestions for other research interests.