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A method was developed for numerical simulation of the drying process as applied to lining materials for metallurgical ladles. It was established that the basic mechanism of defect formation in lining at the drying stage is mechanical stress rupture resulting from high internal pressure developed during filtration of gaseous products of drying. Design principles of the drying process are suggested that help to obtain the maximum durability of lining with minimal time and energy consumption. Examples of implementation of the optimal drying technology are provided. Introduction of this optimal drying technology allows to save 20-50 % of fuel and accelerate the drying process by several times as compared to conventional drying methods. The main advantage of the optimal drying technology is enhancement of the lining durability up to the manufacturer-specified levels due to elimination of internal damage to the material.