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The damp and efflorescence for building bricks are the common disease of material. These phenomena may influence severely the building durability and indoor-air sanitation. From a macro perspective, the efflorescence of brick construction is related to the moisture condition of different masonry materials. Moreover, the growth mechanism of efflorescence has caused by the M. C. and the elapsed time being affected with damp and efflorescence from a micro perspective. Therefore, this article is focus on the mechanism of brick damp. This study uses systemic experimental design method and conducts a large number of fundamental experiment on damp and efflorescence of sand-lime bricks. From the microscopic measurement, the pathological mechanism of efflorescence for bricks and the variation on its M. C. are manifest. This research results may provide the suitable conservation strategies of repair engineering for reference.