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The data of soil moisture in layer of 0-50cm, precipitation, temperature, sunshine hours and cloudiness in 2011 in Gaoyao were analyzed. The results showed that the soil moisture was vertical uniformly distributed in Gaoyao. The soil humidity was larger in an overcast day than in the others. It was relatively smaller in a sunny day than in the others, because of the impact of solar radiation and temperature on soil moisture. Three layer soil moisture variations were almost synchronous, but the variation amplitude of soil moisture in 0-10cm layer was biggest, and 30-50cm soil moisture variation was least. Regression analysis showed that, precipitation and cloudiness played a dominant role on soil moisture variation, while temperature and sunshine had little effect on the soil moisture. Analysis of soil moisture characteristics with the application of soil was useful to civil engineering in Gaoyao.