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Steels with pearlitic microstructure exhibit strength anisotropy after cold drawing to increase the yield stress by a strain hardening mechanism. Such anisotropy manifests itself in the form of mixed mode propagation associated with crack deviation tending to axial growth following a path quasi-parallel to the wire line (drawing axis) due to the drawing-induced orientation of the pearlitic microstructure. This paper analyses the strength anisotropy of heavily cold-drawn prestressing steel wires linked with three consequences: (i) crack deflection and mixed mode propagation; (ii) specific microscopic modes of fracture, including enlarged and oriented cleavage; and (iii) a kind of directional toughness, associated with different deflection angles and distinct fracture micromechanisms.