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Ethanol as the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) solvent enjoyed the advantages of improved bio-crude oil yield and quality. However, it suffered the problem that the solid residue yield increased dramatically under high loading factor conditions in a batch reaction. In this paper, ethanol-water mixture was introduced to improve the HTL process, and the effects of ethanol concentration on the product distribution and characterization were discussed. Experimental results indicated that 71.4 wt% ethanol-water solutions had the best performance with the highest bio-crude yield of 57.3 wt% and the lowest solid residue yield of 9.4 wt%. Furthermore, a potential HTL mechanism for the presented process was proposed based on the products analysis.