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A method for the assessment of admissibility of exceeding the short-circuit rating in medium voltage networks is presented. An economical safety factor and an economical risk (power year) are defined as criterion quantities. A method for calculating the failure rate due to exceeding the short-circuit rating of medium voltage equipment (overhead lines, cable lines, substation equipment) is presented. The values of mean time between failures have been calculated for overhead and cable lines with selected conductor cross sections and for apparatus which short-circuit rating is 10 kA and 20 kA. The calculations have been made for the wide range of exceedings (up to 150 %). As an example, the analysis of exceeding the short-circuit rating of selected overhead and cable lines is made. The example provides the percentage values of exceedings be accepted regarding the economical aspects.