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The performance of a combustion initiation system for the Otto cycle engine is described which uses a pre-chamber of 0.7 % main chamber clearance volume, fuelled with minute quantities of hydrogen. This provides repeatable ignition and a jet of enthalpy and active species which initia combustion of the ultra lean main-chamber charge. Cyclic variability of peak cylinder pressure for lean mixtures is reduced by a factor of 10. From zero to 70 % maximum torque, exhaust NOx concentrations are close to those of ambient air. About 10 % increase in peak thermal efficiency is demonstrated over that for the standard ignition. Lean limit extension is so great that wide open throttle operation at idle is possible and lambda values approaching five occur with stable ignition.