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Historically engine development activities have been controlled exclusively by market factors such as uprating or improved economics of first cost or cost of ownership. In the United States, the Clean Air Act was first enacted in 1963 and amended in 1977 to include Stationary Engines. This law, and resulting regulations, have added a new dimension to engine development, namely, the need for low NO(x). Prior to 1977, spark ignited, natural gas fueled, reciprocating engines produced NO(x) levels in the order of 20 g/kW-HR. As emissions control techniques were developed the U.S. industry has moved this NO(x) level down to as low as 2 g/kW-HR. All early equipment produced with emissions control incorporated a fuel consumption penalty. This paper describes the work and results of Cooper- Bessemer advanced 'Clean Burn' engines which result in both low emissions and improved fuel economy. The 'Clean Burn' concept reduces NO(x) by combustion modification. The work reported upon in this paper now makes the Cooper- Bessemer 'Clean Burn' combustion concept more attractive than the conventional combustion system based on fuel economy and overall smoothness of operations regardless of any required NO(x) controls.