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Use of diesel engines in stand-by generators has made very considerable progress in recent years. In most cases, the diesel engine is the ultimate device capable of preventing a serious accident or disaster. Adaptability to exceptional environmental conditions makes it a very special type of engine. The general and particular conditions with which a generator set must comply may be summarized as follows: More or less permanent availability, high start-up and operational reliability, high-speed response to electricity demand with difficult limitations during transitory periods, ability to withstand external events such as earthquakes or explosions affecting nuclear plants, durability of all components. The authors describe the methods used to solve such problems, giving examples. They explain difficulties encountered in satisfactorily simulating the exceptional conditions to which stand-by generators may be subjected.