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This project aimed to assess the impact of epidemiologic biases in World Trade Center (WTC) health studies by identifying the presence of bias and subsequently quantifying and adjusting for the bias effects. Main methods used in the project are: 1) Quantitative bias evaluation with a systematic review of the literature related to WTC exposure and asthma incidence; 2) hypothetical bias assessment and adjustment; and 3) Heckman selection correction using empirical data collected from the WTC general responder cohort (GRC). The key findings from this study are: 1) Qualitative presence and the impact of potential biases in the context of WTC-related studies, and 2) a quantitative assessment of the presence of selection bias from existing literature and bias-corrected the association between WTC exposure and health outcome. This project introduced methods for bias identification and qualitative and quantitative adjustments in WTC cohorts. These methods will benefit the researchers in evaluating biases in their studies and in correcting the bias effect in causal inference. Our study findings can serve as a guideline to avoid biases from the study design phase in future disasters.