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Non-lethal weapons (NLWs) are weapons that are explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or materiel, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment. To assess the technical maturity of a NLW system, combat developers must compare the system's capabilities to requirements. NLW system requirements could stipulate what level of physiological degradation the NLW system must elicit in the targeted personnel (e.g., temporary blindness and deafness in the case of flashbang grenades). Estimating these metrics can be relatively straightforward in a laboratory environment. However, this process only begins to assess the effect of the NLW on the targeted personnel. Instead, NLW system requirements could stipulate what behavior the targeted personnel must exhibit after the deployment of a NLW system. Setting behavior-based requirements and testing a NLW system against such requirements can be difficult, however, since many factors can influence the targeted personnel's behavior. We developed a framework to guide combat developers in the setting and testing of behavior-based requirements for NLW systems. The framework consists of six main questions to provide structure and discipline for combat developers when assessing the effectiveness of a NLW system for a particular military scenario. We exercised the framework for a Noncombatant Evacuation Operation scenario, in which U.S. forces consider deploying flashbang grenades against a demonstrating crown possibly mixed with para-military forces. Combat developers could repeat this analysis for other NLW systems in other military scenarios.