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Summary form given in English only: Recently, quantitative infrared thermography has become important. Many attempts have been made to obtain quantitative information about the pathophysiological phenomena from the thermograms. We have developed a synchronous thermographic system and have tried quantitative analysis of the peripheral circulation using this system. In the present paper, the details of the newly developed synchronous thermographic system are first described. Secondly, examples of quantitative analysis of the thermograms by using signal processing methods are shown. Our system consists of an infrared camera, a synchronizing circuit for controlling the mechanical scanning of the camera, a telemetry ECG system, a high-speed frame memory unit of our own making (512x512x16 bit), a microcomputer system and a floppy disk unit. We can take thermograms every 10 seconds in succession and store them in real time. In the phase locked mode, we can measure time sequential skin temperature data without the influence of the trivial variation of the skin temperature due to the periodic blood flow. In the sampling mode, we can observe the time course change of the peripheral circulation within one cycle of the heart beat. Applying the Maximum Entropy Spectrum Analysis to these time sequential clinical thermograms, we may quantitatively estimate transient pathophysiological phenomena. Here, we use the ECG signal for the synchronizing signal of the camera. We can also use other signals, for example, respiration, etc. for the synchronizing signal.