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To study effects of nano-Al2O3p (nanometric Al2O3 particles) on high temperature frictional wear behaviors of the NiCoCrAlY coating (a high temperature protective coating), three NiCoCrAlY coatings strengthened by different contents of nano-Al2O3p were prepared on a Ni-based super alloy by using laser cladding technology and their dry frictional wear behaviors at 500 °C in static air were investigated. The comparison was made with the coating without nano-particles. The results show that the frictional coefficient of the coatings increased with the hardness after adding nano-Al2O3p and the wear resistance of the coatings was enhanced. Among nano-Al2O3p-added coatings, the coating added with 1.0 wt% nano-Al2O3p performs best. The wear rate of the coating is only 58% of the coating without nano-particles. Moreover, the improvement of the oxidation behavior plays an important role in improving the high temperature wear resistance.